Ten basic common sense of car maintenance

1. Afraid of being “dirty”
If the parts such as fuel filter, oil filter, air filter, hydraulic oil filter and various filters are too dirty, the filtering effect will be deteriorated. Excessive impurities will enter the cylinder of the oil circuit and aggravate it. The wear and tear of mechanical parts increases the possibility of failure; if it is severely blocked, it will also cause the vehicle to fail to work normally. Dirty parts such as water tank heat sink, air-cooled engine block and cylinder head heat sink, and cooler heat sink will cause poor heat dissipation and excessive temperature. Therefore, for such “fear of dirt” parts must be cleaned and maintained in time.
2. Afraid of “heat”
Engine piston temperature is too high, which will easily lead to overheating and melting, resulting in cylinder holding; overheating of rubber seals, triangular tape, tires, etc., is prone to premature aging, performance degradation, and shortening of service life; electrical equipment such as starters, generators, regulators, etc. If the coil is overheated, it is easy to burn and scrap; the vehicle bearing should be kept at a proper temperature. If overheated, the lubricating oil will quickly deteriorate, which will eventually lead to the burning of the bearing and the damage to the vehicle.
3, afraid of “string”
Various coupling parts in the diesel engine fuel system, the driving and driven gear in the drive axle main reducer, the hydraulic control valve block and valve stem, the spool and valve sleeve in the full hydraulic steering gear, etc. These mating parts are manufactured at the time of manufacture. After special processing and grinding in pairs, the coordination is very precise. It is always used in pairs during the life of use and must not be interchangeable. Some cooperating parts, such as piston and cylinder liner, bearing bush and journal, valve and valve seat, connecting rod head cover and shaft, etc., after a period of time of friction, the relative cooperation is relatively good, and attention should also be paid during maintenance. Assemble in pairs, don’t “catch” each other.
4. Fear of “reverse”
The engine cylinder head gasket cannot be installed backwards during installation, otherwise it will cause premature ablation and damage to the cylinder head gasket; some special-shaped piston rings cannot be installed reversely, and should be assembled according to the requirements of different models; the engine fan blades should also be installed in a direction Requirements, fans are generally divided into two types: exhaust and suction. Do not reverse, otherwise it will cause poor heat dissipation and high temperature of the engine. For tires with directional patterns, such as herringbone tires, the ground impressions after installation should be The tip of the word points to the back to ensure maximum driving force. For the two tires installed in parallel, different models have different requirements, so they cannot be installed at will.
5. Afraid of “lack”
When repairing a vehicle, some small parts may be omitted due to negligence. Some people even think that it does not matter whether it is installed or not. This is very dangerous and harmful. Engine valve lock plates should be installed in pairs. If missing or missing, it will cause the valve to lose control and damage the pistons; cotter pins installed on the engine connecting rod bolts, flywheel bolts, drive shaft bolts, locking screws, safety plates or If the spring washer and other anti-loosening devices are missing, they may cause serious failures during use; if the oil nozzle used to lubricate the gears in the engine timing gear chamber is missing, it will cause serious oil leakage in the area and cause the engine The oil pressure is too low; the loss of the water tank cover, the oil port cover, and the fuel tank cover will cause the intrusion of sand, gravel, dust, etc., and aggravate the wear of various parts.
6. ​​Afraid of “oil”
The paper filter element of the engine dry air filter has strong hygroscopicity. If it is stained with oil, it is easy to draw a higher concentration of mixed gas into the cylinder, resulting in insufficient air volume, increased fuel consumption, and reduced engine power. Diesel engines may also Causes “speeding”; if the triangle tape is stained with oil, it will accelerate its corrosion and aging, and at the same time, it will easily slip, resulting in a decrease in transmission efficiency.
If the brake shoes, friction linings of dry clutches, and brake bands are stained with oil, they will easily slip and work poorly, thereby threatening driving safety; starter motors and generator carbon brushes may be stained with oil. The starting motor power is insufficient and the generator voltage is too low due to poor contact. Tire rubber is very sensitive to oil corrosion. Contact with oil will soften or peel the rubber. Short-term contact will cause abnormal damage or even serious damage to the tire.
7, afraid of “washing”
Some people who are new to driving or repairing may think that all parts and accessories need to be cleaned. In fact, this understanding is one-sided. For the paper air filter element of the engine, when removing the dust on it, it cannot be cleaned with any oil. It only needs to tap lightly with the hand or blow high-pressure air from the inside of the filter element to the outside; it is also not suitable for leather parts. To clean with oil, just wipe it with a clean cloth.
8. Afraid of “pressure”
If the tire casing is stored for a long time and is not turned over in time, it will deform due to squeezing, which will affect the service life; the paper filter element of the air filter and fuel filter will be greatly deformed if squeezed It cannot reliably filter; rubber oil seals, triangular tapes, oil pipes, etc. cannot be squeezed, otherwise they will also be deformed and affect normal use.
9. Afraid of “near fire”
Rubber products such as tires, triangle tape, cylinder liner water blocking ring, rubber oil seal, etc., if they are close to the fire source, they will easily deteriorate or be damaged. On the other hand, they may cause fire accidents. Especially for some diesel vehicles, it is difficult to start in the severe cold in winter, and some drivers often use blowtorch to heat, so it is necessary to prevent burning of lines and oil circuits.
10. Afraid of “repetition”
Some parts are supposed to be used once, but individual drivers or repairers reuse them for saving or because they don’t understand the “taboos”, which can easily lead to accidents. Generally speaking, engine connecting rod bolts, nuts, imported diesel fuel injector fixing bolts, cylinder liner water blocking ring, sealing copper gasket, various oil seals and sealing rings of the hydraulic system, and important parts of the pin, split pin and other parts are removed After that, it must be replaced with a new product.
For the engine cylinder head gasket, although no damage was found during inspection, it is best to replace it with a new one, because the old product has poor elasticity, poor sealing, and easy ablation damage. It needs to be replaced after a short period of use, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, if there is a new product, try to replace it as much as possible. Better.