What are the factors that affect the surface roughness in machining precision parts?
1, the influence of cutting force and friction.When precision parts processing cutting tool cutting edge rounded corners and in the face of workpiece profile extrusion and friction may cause a plastic deformation of the metal material, which leads to the existing residual area distorted or deeper grooves, at this point, the increased surface roughness and machining brittle material cutting scrap into broken particles, and the surface of the processed often shows traces of particles collapses,Leaving many pits and roughening the surface.
2, the impact of the accumulation of clastic tumors.When a cutting tool is cutting plastic at a certain speed, some small particles on the chip will adhere to the tip of the front cutter face, forming the accumulation edge of high hardness, which can replace the front cutter face and cutting edge cutting.
When the friction between the chip and the stacking edge is greater than the cold welding strength between the stacking edge and the front cutter face, or when it is impacted or vibrated, the stacking edge will fall off, so that the new-up edge will be gradually generated in the future.The formation, growth and shedding of the stacking edges will seriously affect the surface roughness of the parts.
3. Influence of scaly spines.In the cutting process, due to the friction and cold welding of the chip on the cutting surface during precision parts processing, the chip will regularly stay on the front cutter surface, thereby squeezing the newly processed surface.In severe cases, the surface can tear.Scales form on the surface, making the surface rough and uneven.
Due to the effects of the above physical factors on the roughness, in order to reduce the surface roughness, in addition to reducing the plastic deformation caused by the cutting force, the accumulation of tumors and scales during the machining of precision parts should be avoided.
The main process measures are: choose the cutting speed which is not easy to produce the accumulation edge and the prick to improve the cutting performance of the material to choose the cutting fluid correctly.
Link to this article：What are the Factors That Affect the Surface Roughness in Precision Part Machining?
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